This lecture will explore the history of witchcraft, witch beliefs, and the witch craze across the United Kingdom during the early modern period. Students will examine how fear, religion, superstition, and social tension contributed to the persecution of thousands of individuals accused of witchcraft throughout England and Scotland. Particular attention will be given to the social and political conditions that fuelled witch hunts and the ways in which accusations were often linked to gender, poverty, and local conflict. A significant part of the course will focus on Wales and the strikingly different attitude many Welsh communities held towards witches and folk healers. Unlike other parts of Britain, many areas in Wales valued individuals accused of witchcraft for their knowledge of herbal medicine, healing practices, and traditional remedies.